gem stones by month

Birthstone is a gemstone attributed by the month in which a person is born.

January = Garnet

Febraury = Amethyst

March = Aquamarine

April = Diamond

May = Emerald

June = Pearls, moonstone

July = Ruby

August = Peridot, Sardonyx

September = Sapphire

October = Opal, Tourmaline

November = Citrine, Yellow topaz

December = Blue topaz, Tanzanite, Turquoise.

White gold : White gold is created by combining pure gold with a copper, zinc and nickel (or palladium) alloy.

Pink Gold
The result of combining pure gold with large amounts of copper.  Also called "Rose" or "Red" Gold.

Yellow Gold:

By combining with copper and silver, yellow gold retains a rich yellow color while increasing its durability.

Sterling Silver
A durable jewelry metal consisting of at least 92.5% pure silver and 7.5% alloy.

Karat
The standard measurement of gold.  Pure gold is 24 Karats.

http://www.gemselect.com/group/gemselect.php?x_ByType=on

This webpage carries details about the list of gemstones available on earth for goodness.
http://www.gemselect.com/other-info/gemstone-meanings.php