Pearl

Pearl is a gemstone popularly called as muthu in tamil & moti in hindi, despite how its called pearl takes a special place in a women's heart through out the world. Pearl also finds an exquiste place in both traditional Indian jewellery & most modern western jewellery design. Such a pearl comes in variety of shapes, sizes and colors to appeal. Not only for appeal it has such mystical powers that enhances the energy level for the wearer. But that has to be experienced by self to understand. Also like every gemstone even pearl has to be cleansed from time to time to get its full energy. Pearl can be basically divided in to natural or wild pearl and cultured pearl. Unlike other gemstones occurrence of pearl is a fascinating story, since it is made by an animal.

Natural or wild pearl: Wild pearl means occurring naturally in the stomach of an oyster.

Cultured pearl: the pearls composition is kept in the oysters stomach for maturation by man is a cultured one.

on such a case both natural as well as cultured are true pearls to the meaning pure ones what are available in the market as jewellery.

Yet another variety available is called paasi which are the fake pearls used as artificial jewellery, dress making etc. They are made out of plastic and coated with a shiny paint. Most of the fake ones over a period will start losing its paint. Secondly they are weightless, unless otherwise made with weight to fake the original pearls.

all about gemstones

Gem stones are of two types precious and semi-precious. But what are gemstones? they are minerals which is naturally formed in the earth carefully cleansed of impurities, cut and polished to give shape, size and shine used for jewellery or as antique showpiece collection. but not only minerals some organic and rocks are also ussed as fine gems in jewellery and cosmic healing.

http://www.rocksandco.com
this is a link to online library about gemstones. valuable to read and know.

navarathnam in tamil

yellow sapphire - pushparagam
diamond - vairam
ruby - manickam
blue sapphire - neelam
emerald - maragatha pacchai
red coral - pavallam
pearl - muthu

nalmuthu: in south India nalmuthu is a name assigned for the purest of sea pearls which is naturally produced and extracted from an oyster. no form of human hindrance or help is given while the same is extremely rare and costly.

In Indian market language one can identitfy pure pearl to be of two kinds based on where you buy and the cost. In a reputed jewel shop pure pearls will be of 40 thousand rupees which means sea pearls. Same pure pearls from a gemstone jeweller will be fresh water pearls which is called cultured pearls.
But cultured pearls in Indian market means synthetic pearls or paasi, again based on the seller. As far as pearls are concerned it's always buyers beware know your seller since pure or fake cannot be identified by eyes, it should be lab tested or do some practical home tests which are practically impossible before buying.

naripavallam:

this is a link to know about navaratna gemstone collection.

http://jewelry-blog.internetstones.com/gemstone-and-jewellery-industry-news/navaratna-rings-gemstones-jewelry-news

http://www.astrologycom.com/navratna1.html

http://www.jyotishgem.com/

http://visual.merriam-webster.com/clothing-articles/personal-accessories/jewelry/cut-for-gemstones_2.php

this link is to know the various cutting methods of gemstones.

There are over 130 species of minerals that have been used as gemstones. These include:

• Agate
• Alexandrite and other varieties of chrysoberyl
• Andalusite
• Axinite
• Benitoite
• Aquamarine and other varieties of beryl
• Bixbite (Red beryl)
• Cassiterite
• Chrysocolla
• Chrysoprase
• Clinohumite
• Iolite
• Danburite
• Diamond
• Diopside
• Dioptase
• Dumortierite
• Emerald
• Feldspar (moonstone)
• Garnet
• Hambergite
• Hematite
• Jade – jadeite and nephrite
• Jasper
• Kornerupine
• Kunzite
• Lapis lazuli
• Malachite
• Natural moissanite
• Obsidian
• Olivine (Peridot)
• Opal (Girasol)
• Pyrite
• Quartz and its varieties
  • Agate
  • Amethyst (cardinal gem)
  • Citrine
  • Chalcedony (bloodstone)
  • Onyx
  • Tiger's-eye
• Ruby
• Sapphire dark blue
• Spinel
• Sugilite
• Tanzanite and other varieties of zoisite
• Topaz
• Turquoise
• Tourmaline
• Variscite
• Zeolite (Thomsonite)
• Zircon

[edit]Artificial and synthetic

Artificial or synthetic materials used as gems include:

• High-lead glass
• Synthetic corundum
• Synthetic cubic zirconia
• Synthetic spinel
• Synthetic moissanite
• Synthetic alexandrite
• Synthetic opal
• Synthetic turquoise
• Synthetic diamond
• Synthetic quartz
• Synthetic beryl
• cristinite
• YAG yttrium aluminum garnet

[edit]Organic

There are a number of organic materials used as gems, including:

• Amber
• Ammolite – from fossils formed from the shells of extinct ammonites.
• Bone
• Coral
• Ivory
• Jet (lignite)
• Nacre (Mother of pearl)
• Pearl

courtesey wikipedia. only for easy reference.

gem stones by month

Birthstone is a gemstone attributed by the month in which a person is born.

January = Garnet

Febraury = Amethyst

March = Aquamarine

April = Diamond

May = Emerald

June = Pearls, moonstone

July = Ruby

August = Peridot, Sardonyx

September = Sapphire

October = Opal, Tourmaline

November = Citrine, Yellow topaz

December = Blue topaz, Tanzanite, Turquoise.

White gold : White gold is created by combining pure gold with a copper, zinc and nickel (or palladium) alloy.

Pink Gold
The result of combining pure gold with large amounts of copper.  Also called "Rose" or "Red" Gold.

Yellow Gold:

By combining with copper and silver, yellow gold retains a rich yellow color while increasing its durability.

Sterling Silver
A durable jewelry metal consisting of at least 92.5% pure silver and 7.5% alloy.

Karat
The standard measurement of gold.  Pure gold is 24 Karats.

http://www.gemselect.com/group/gemselect.php?x_ByType=on

This webpage carries details about the list of gemstones available on earth for goodness.
http://www.gemselect.com/other-info/gemstone-meanings.php